Commodities and Commodity Markets
3.0
creditsAverage Course Rating
The first half of this course will be devoted to energy markets, both in terms of the market itself and how to model peculiar features of this business. First we will discuss fossil fuels, including physical and financial natural gas and LNG; crude and refined petroleum commodities; and possibly coal markets. Then the focus will turn to electricity markets, including market structures; energy, capacity and ancillary services markets; characteristics of demand; power plant commitment and dispatch; the “stack” or market supply curve; characteristics of different plants and fuels; regional differences in markets; and hedging techniques from trading vanilla products all the way to complex multi-commodity structures. We will discuss renewable energy sources, their characteristics, economics, and effects on the larger market, as well as emissions markets as a way of removing pollution externalities. The first half will conclude by elaborating on risk management techniques; credit; legislation and regulation; and derivative accounting as time permits. The second half of the course will turn to shipping, metals and agricultural markets. The metal physical markets will be described, the major Exchanges presented (LME, SHFE), as well as the warehousing issues in the case of base metals. The case of precious metals will be singled out, and gold in particular; and finally uranium and rare earths. Agricultural (grains and softs) markets will be presented, together with the crucial issues of biofuels, fertilizers, water, and arable land. In all cases, there will be a large focus on the trading activities – both to hedge and to gain exposure to commodities – in spot and derivative markets. Numerous examples of forward curves will be provided, as well as volatility skews. The valuation of swaps, spread options and Asian options will be (re)derived. Students should have rudimentary knowledge of financial markets. Recommended Course Background: EN.550.420 and AS.110.106 or AS.110.108