3.0

credits

Average Course Rating

Chemical speciation relevant to bioavailability and toxicity within growth media will be explored, with an emphasis on growth medium design and management. Topics include (i) computer-based equilibrium modeling that accounts for protonation level, metal coordination, the precipitation and dissolution of solids, and redox chemistry; (ii) chemical kinetics, including numerical integration, and (iii) the free metal ion activity model and other approaches towards understanding bioavailability and toxicity.