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Developments in medical image acquisition systems such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), and ultrasound have resulted in a large number of clinical images with rich information regarding structure and function of different organs in the human body. A challenging task would be to extract clinically relevant information from the raw images that can be used to identify disease at an early stage or to monitor response to treatment. This course briefly introduces the underlying physical foundation of different image modalities followed by presentation of concepts and techniques that are used to process and extract information from medical images. Topics that are covered include medical image formats, enhancement, segmentation, registration, and visualization. MATLAB scripting language will be introduced and used to implement basic algorithms.